Warthogs financing Boko Haram in Nigeria

In December 2024, security forces in Molai community in Nigeria arrested three men suspected of being middlemen for Boko Haram, caught selling poached warthogs. According to Nigeria Forest Security Services officer Saddam Mustapha, terrorists operating from Sambisa Forest have developed a systematic operation where they either hunt wildlife themselves or coerce local hunters to poach animals and sell them through civilian intermediaries. The terrorists have even warned local hunters against hunting warthogs, not for religious reasons despite claiming the meat is "haram" (forbidden), but to monopolise this profitable trade. This case demonstrates how wildlife trafficking directly finances terrorism, with the profits enabling insurgents to purchase weapons, food supplies, and other essentials whilst maintaining control over local populations through intimidation and economic coercion.

Keywords
Nigeria, Warthogs, Conflict & Terrorist Financing, Mammals, Illegal Wildlife Trade, Sub-Sahara Africa

The Environmental Crimes Financial Toolkit is developed by WWF and Themis, supported by the Climate Solutions Partnership, a collaboration between HSBC, World Resources Institute and WWF.