In Chile, trade misinvoicing, which occurs when export or import invoices are falsified in the final goal of tax evasion or money laundering, remains prevalent. This practice is particularly significant in the copper industry, which accounted for 48.2% of the nation's total exports in 2018. By underreporting the value of copper exports, companies have minimised their taxable revenue. Conversely, overreporting import values has allowed companies to reduce their tax burdens by inflating deductible costs. For instance, this practice was employed by Chile's state-owned copper corporation, CODELCO, in its agreement with China Minmetals Corporation to supply copper at below-market rates. This has raised concerns about potential tax evasion and undervaluation. Trade misinvoicing also allows for money laundering, as falsely reported trade transactions are used to conceal illicit proceeds. Money can notably be moved across borders, as has been found to be the case for Caso Yaupel, a fruit importer and distributor that laundered money digitally across Colombia, Germany, Ecuador, and Chile. Trade misinvoicing is not just an economic problem but also affects public welfare and security. The practice is often linked with other criminal activities like drug trafficking and human trafficking.