



Circuitous shipping routes continue to be widely used in illegal wildlife trade. For example, the Environmental Investigation Agency found that 300 containers of rosewood were shipped between Mozambique and China between October 2023 and March 2024, stopping en route via ports in Comoros, India, and the United Arab Emirates before reaching Shanghai. This trade occurred in spite of a long-standing ban on rosewood exports from Mozambique. In recognition of the significant volume (72-90%) of illegal wildlife trade being carried out via the shipping industry, the World Shipping Council announced in 2024 an initiative explicitly aimed at fighting wildlife smuggling by sea, providing sector-specific guidance to shipping companies.